1. Introduction
1.1 History of Discoveries
1.1.1 Portrait Gallery
1.1.2 Aristoteles
1.1.3 Helmont, Jan Baptista van
1.1.4 Woodward, John
1.1.5 Saussure, Horace Bénédict de
1.1.6 Thaer, Albrecht Daniel
1.1.7 Sprengel, Carl Philipp
1.1.8 Boussingault, Jean Baptiste
1.1.9 Liebig, Justus, Freiherr von
1.1.10 Sachs, J. v., und Knop, J. A. L. W.
1.1.11 Hellriegel, H. und Wilfarth, H.
1.2 Field of Work
1.2.1 Agricultural Chemistry
1.2.2 Plant Nutrition
1.3 Teaching, Research, Consulting in Germany
1.3.1 Distribution of German Research
1.3.2 Scientific Universities
1.3.3 Universitites of applied Sciences
1.3.4 Non-University Research
1.3.5 Consulting
1.4 Some Advice for Researchers
1.4.1 Best Practice
1.4.2 Experiments with Plants
2. Basic Knowledge
2.1 Measuring Units
2.1.1 SI-Units
2.1.2 Molarity etc
2.1.3 ppm, ppb, etc
2.1.4 Calculations
2.2 Morphology/Anatomy of Plants
2.2.1 Shoot
2.2.2 Root
2.3 Growth Factors
2.3.1 Light
2.3.2 Temperature
2.3.3 Water
2.3.4 Air (CO2, O2)
2.3.5 (Bio)Active Substances
2.4 Laws of Yield
2.4.1 Law of the Minimum
2.4.2 Law of Law of the Diminishing Return
2.5 BBCH-Code of Phenological Development of Plants
3. Plant Nutrients
3.1 Essential Nutrient Classification
3.1.1 Kations - Anions
3.1.2 Macro - Micro
3.1.3 Functions
Group I: C, H, O, N, und S
Group II: P und B
Group III: K, Ca, Mg, Mn, und Cl
Group IV: Fe, Cu, Zn und Mo
3.1.4 Non-Metals - Metals
3.2 Beneficial Elements
3.2.1 Nickel
3.2.2 Silicon
3.2.3 Sodium
3.3 Environment, Nutritive Value
3.3.1 inorganische Compounds
Nitrate
Phosphate
Heavy Metals
Ferrtilizer Costs
3.3.2 Toxic Elements
Selen
Blei
Chromium
Cadmium
3.3.3 Organic Compounds
Vegetables
Alkaloids
Terpenes
Carotinoids
Interactions (?)
4. Plant Nutrient Demand
4.1 Time Course
4.1.1 Ornamentals
4.1.2 Vegetables
4.1.3 Fruit
4.2 Total Demand
4.2.1 Ornamentals
Pot Plants
Pictures of Cut Flowers
Phlox
Helianthus annuus
Helianthus angusitfolius
Dicentra
Erigeron
Rudbeckia
Solidago
Aster
Antirrhinum
Delphinium
Chrysanthemum
4.2.2 Vegetables
Field-Grown
Range of Yields
Range of Nutrient Removals
*Nutrient Removal vs. Nutrient Content
Greenhouse
4.2.3 Fruit
4.2.4 Nursery
Pictures of
Corylus
Lonicera
Buxus
Taxus
4.3 Turf
5. Nutrient Transport Processes
5.1 Soil => Root Surface
5.1.1 Mass Flow
5.1.2 Diffusion
Diffusion Ceffizient
Buffer Capacity
Soil water Content
Tortuosity Factor
5.2 Root Surface => Shoot
5.2.1 Apoplasmatic/passive
5.2.2 Symplasmatic/aktive
Plasma-Membrane
Tonoplast
Loading of the Xylem
5.2.3 Factors affecting Ion Transport
5.3 Central Cylinder => Shoot
6. Nutrient Gains and Losses
6.1 Nutrient Sources (Gains)
6.1.1 Immissions
Sulfur
Nitrogen
6.1.2 "impurities" of fertilizers
6.1.3 Irrigation water
6.1.4 Mineralisation
Nitrogen
N Mineralisation from Vegetables
Phosphate
6.1.5 Weathering
6.1.6 Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes
Function of Rhizobia
Lysimeter
Trial Plan
Results
N-Accumulation
N-Losses
New Trial Plan
6.2 Nutrient Sinks (Losses)
6.2.1 Emissions
6.2.2 Leaching
Buffer Power
Water storing Capacity
Precipitation, Soil Type
6.2.3 Erosion
6.2.4 Fixation
6.2.5 Immobilisation
6.2.6 Plant Uptake
7. Determination of Plant Nutrient Status
7.1 Analyses of Soil and Substrate
7.1.1 How To
Spatial Variability
Temporal Variability
Nutrient Extraction from Soil
Semiquantitative Methods
Interpretation of Results
Analyses of Nutrient Solutions
7.1.2 Possibilities and limits
7.2 Analysis of Plants
7.2.1 Key to Deficiency and Toxicity SymptomsSymptoms
7.2.2 Chemical Analysis
7.2.3 Biophysical Measurements
7.3 Indicator Plants
8. How to Change Plant Nutrient Status
8.1 Indirect Measures
8.1.1 Soil Gas Exchange
8.1.2 Water Content of the Soil
8.1.3 Water Holding Capacity of the Soil
8.1.4 Root Penetration into Soil
8.2 Direct Measures
8.2.1 Solid
evenly distributed
Salts
"slow release" fertilizers
localized
8.2.2 Water Quality
Water Hardness
8.2.3 Liquid
Soil - Field
Substrate - Greenhouse
Produktion Systems
Hydroponics
Production Systems
Open vs Closed Systems
Leaf Application (Foliar Fertilizers)
8.2.4 Gaseous
8.2.5 Technological Aspects of Fertilizer Application
8.3 Fertilization and Salinity
8.4 Legal Aspects of Fertilization
8.4.1 Definitions,German Fertlizer Act
8.4.2 How to apply
8.4.3 How to Register Fertilizers
8.4.4 Registered Fertilzers in Germany
8.4.5 Examples: Registered Single Nutrient Mineral Fertilzers
N
P
K
Liming Materials
Ca, Mg und S
9. Miscellaneous Information
9.1 Powerpoint Presentations
9.1.1 Shoot Anatomy
9.1.2 Root Anatomy
9.1.3 Plant Parts => Yield
9.1.4 Growth Phases => Yield
9.1.5 Nutrient Uptake Ornamentals vs Time
9.1.6 Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms
9.2 Definitions
9.2.1 Nutrient Uptake
9.2.2 Nutrient Withdrawal
9.2.3 Literature for CULTAN
9.2.4 Guidline Value
9.2.5 Problem
9.2.6 Transpiration Coefficient (WUE)
9.2.7 Growth Factors
9.2.8 Plant Growth and Plant Development
9.3 Essential Nutrients in German and English
9.4 How to: Multiple Choice Tests
Über
Titel
Fundamentals of Plant Nutrition
Thema
-
Firma
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Autor
Rolf O. Kuchenbuch
Version
193
Kommentare
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